501 Darts Rules Explained: How to Play, Score & Win
If you're learning how to play 501 darts, understanding the rules, scoring system, and checkout process is essential. 501 is the most popular darts format used in both amateur and professional matches, including major tournaments.
In this complete guide to 501 darts rules, we'll explain how scoring works, dartboard setup, throwing distance, bust rules, and how to win a leg.
What Is 501 in Darts?
501 is the most commonly played format in professional and amateur darts. Each player starts with 501 points and works down toward zero by subtracting the points scored with each visit to the board.
Unlike sports where players accumulate points, 501 is a countdown game. The goal is simple: be the first player to reduce your score from 501 to exactly zero.
Dartboard Setup Rules
For regulation play, the centre of the bullseye should be positioned 5 feet 8 inches (1.73 metres) from the floor.
The official throwing distance is measured from the face of the dartboard to the front of the oche and should be 7 feet 9¼ inches (2.37 metres).
These measurements are used throughout professional darts competitions to ensure consistency.
Where Players Must Stand
The throwing line is known as the oche. During a player's turn, both feet must remain behind this line when releasing the dart.
Players may lean forward, but stepping on or over the oche while throwing is considered a foul in most formats.
How a Turn Works in 501
Each player throws up to three darts during a visit to the board.
The score from all three darts is added together and deducted from the player’s remaining total.
| Starting Score | Visit Score | Remaining Score |
|---|---|---|
| 501 | 48 | 453 |
High-scoring visits help players reach checkout positions faster, which is why many players target treble 20.
Understanding Dartboard Scoring Areas
Single Segments
Landing in a single segment scores the exact number shown.
Double Ring
The thin outer ring doubles the number. Example: double 20 scores 40.
Treble Ring
The thin inner ring triples the number. Treble 20 scores 60 and is the highest scoring segment.
Outer Bull
The outer bull is worth 25 points.
Bullseye
The centre bull scores 50 points.
How Do You Win a Leg in 501?
To win a leg, a player must reduce their score to exactly zero.
Most professional matches use the double-out rule. This means the final dart must land in a double segment or the bullseye.
For example, if a player has 40 remaining, hitting double 20 wins the leg.
What Happens If You Go Below Zero?
If a player scores more than their remaining total, this is called a bust.
When a bust occurs, the player’s score resets to what it was at the start of that visit and no darts from that turn count.
What Is the Highest Possible Score in Darts?
The highest possible score with three darts is 180.
- Treble 20 = 60
- Treble 20 = 60
- Treble 20 = 60
Total = 180
A 180 is one of the most exciting moments in darts and often gets the biggest crowd reaction.
Tips for New 501 Darts Players
When learning 501, focus on consistent scoring rather than chasing 180s. A repeatable throw and strong checkout practice will improve your game faster than pure power scoring.
Once comfortable, practice doubles regularly, since finishing legs efficiently is what wins matches.
Frequently Asked Questions About 501 Darts
Why is the game called 501?
Because each player starts with 501 points and counts down to zero.
How many darts can a player throw?
Players can throw up to three darts per turn.
Do you have to finish on a double?
In most professional formats, yes. The final dart must be a double or bullseye.
What is a bust in darts?
A bust happens when a player scores too much or cannot legally finish.
What is the highest possible score?
180, achieved by hitting three treble 20s.
Whether you're watching professional tournaments or starting your own darts journey, understanding the rules of 501 gives you a strong foundation for enjoying the game.
You can get all the gear you need to play at Universal Darts.
